Samuel seabujry



S. SEABURY.

BREBGH LOADING QRDNANCB.

4(No Model.)

No. 48s

Patented Sept. 2'7,I 1892.

^ UNITED STATES* PATENT OEEICE..

SAMUEL sEAEuRnbE THEl UNITED srA'rEs NAVY. l

BRI-:EcH-LoA-DING onen-Ance.

a SPECIFICATION vaiming pm of Letters :ment N1 1892. serial Np. 4.34pm. on mtas.)

Application led Hay 28| A cation. Y

the bore.

This invention relates .to breech-.loading ordnance in which the removable breech-block or breech-piece is insertedinto the gun by a movement in line `or parallelwith the axis of The improvement after described andclaimed, whereby great eiciency` isobtained; and it further consists in the novel means herelnafter described and claimed,whereby a breechblock of the kind hereinbefore mentioned may be quickly andtion of the breech-block and the applicationof my gas-check thereto foracannon in which either fixed or loose ammunition may be used, asdesired. Fig. a is a face view d the breechblock and gas-check,

3. Fig. 5 represents an axial sectionl illus trating a modification of what is shown in Fig. 3. Figi- 6 is a detail to be hereinafter explained.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all`the iigures.

A designates the body of the cannon, bored through the breech and counterbored to receive the breech-block B, which is represented as fitted to the counterbore with mutilated screw-threads l) in a wellknown manner, which provides for its being locked by turning it after it has been inserted into the coun- I Vterbore by a movement in line or parallel with the axis of the gun.

so far as consists in a gas-check of the novel and simple construction hereincorresponding with Fig;

This breech-piece 483,267, dated September 27, 1892.

described does not differ from those incommon use.

C D designate the gas-check, which is represented in Figa-1; 2,13, and 4 as composedyfof 'anumberof annular`- disks of sheet-Steeler other suitable metal, and a bolt D, which passes centrally through the said disks and` into the breech-block and by which the said disks 'are secured to the face of the breech- Lblock. The said annular disks, which are of such circumference that in their normal.- j condition their outer edges, ,which are presented circumferentially, fit easily-or loosely 'to the bore of the cannon, -have between the said outer edges and their cexitral openings an` annular bulge c in a forward dimotion, .and be'rselljhabak 0f thir S0- bulged parts and the face of the breechblock .there is left a suieient space c (shown black in Figs. 1 and 3) to permit the so-bulged parts to be pressed backward and the disks to be to a certain extent attened .by the force of the explosion of the charge of the gun, the effect of so pressing back the so-bulged parts and flattening the disks being to produce such radial and circumferential expansion of the latter as to bring their edges gas-tight against the bore of the gun. In the example shown in Figs. 1 and 2, which is'a gun for'v the use only of loose cartridges which have no gas-check, the front part of -the breechybloek is represented as titt'e'd to .the bore proper of the gun forward of the oounterbore or breech-'block seat, and thereby serving as a" rearward support `to the-outer marginalportions of the gas-check disks C, and in this example the central boltrD asses through' the center-of the breech-bloc and lis provided at its vfront end'with a head which overlapstlxeinner edges of the annular disks C, and the said bolt has on its rear portion a screw-threadfor the receptionof a nut d, by f the screwing upoi which the inner and outer marginal prtionsof tlxcsaid disks are brought IOC In the example shown in ligs 3 and 4; the' counter-bore or breechblock seat and the breech-block propel".-A B are constructcelfinthe" manner eoininon to breech-loading guns of receive the said ring, which is tightly driven the same kind for the use of lixed annnuniinto its place and the interior of which is tion-that is to say, with a space a (see Fig. a'caliber corresponding with the bore of the il) for the flange ot the cartridge-shell, and gun. To protect the center bolt D, which.

5 the so-constructed breech-block is provided may be of soft steel, from the inner edges of with a concentric nose-plate E, which is ap- V4the gas-check disks, I place around that part plied to it when loose cartridges 'are to be of the said bolt which receives the said disks- 'usecL but taken away when fixed ammnnit on a collar la of hardened steel.- 75 is to be used.- The gas-check disks C are i p- The gun shown in Fig. 5 corresponds exio plied in front of this nose-plate E instead of actly with that shown in Figs.3and 4,except directly to the face ot' thebreeclrblock. In as to the particular form of the gasfcheck, 1 Fig. 8 the face of this nose-plate is -reprewhich in Fig. 5 has but a single disk C', the sented asconstructed ,like the face of theedges of which are cupped and turned back 8o breeclrblock shown iriFig. l, with a space c overa portion of the nose-plate E, which is i5 behind the bulgedparts of the disks C, and reduced. in circumference to receive it, the the said nose-plateis represented as having turned-in or cupped portion of the said disk' its front part constructed to enter and -tit the having such an external circumference as to bore proper of the gun when the breech-block permit the said disk to pass freely with the 85v is closed, airdso to constitute arearward supnose-plate into the bore of the gun. This 2o port to the marginal portions of the said disk C, like those C before described, has a disks. In this example the hollow bolt D of forward bulge c and a space c left behind the gas cheek which secures the disks C the said bulge between it and the face of the `passes through the nose-platev also and 'senose-plate or breech-block, so that when the 90 eures that too to the breech-bloek; but the said disk receives the pressure resultingfi'om 25 said bolt, instead of passing through the the discharge of the gun its bulged partmay breech block, as in the lirst example, is be forced back, with the eect of expanding screwed into the breech-block. To prevent the said disk against the bore, as described the nose-plate E frein turning, it has screwed with reference to the disks C in Figs. l and 3. 95 Y into it a ilowel-pin f, (see Fig. 3,) which en` IfVhen it is desired to use the gun shown in 3o ters a hole provided for it in the face of the Figs. l, 2, and 3 for fixed ammunition, it is breeelnbloelc, and to prevent the unscrewing only necessary first to unscrew andtake out in the bolt l) ascrew-pin g is screwed through the central hollow bolt I) and then remove one side of the breech to enter a notch in the the nose-plate. The tapped hole providedin 16o said bolt. The bolt D is represented in Fig'. the breech-block for the said bolt is then'to I i ;5 3 as counteiborcd in front to taper forni to bepluggedupushwith the face of the block. receive a p riinencup 7i, which is Iitted to said by a short plug m, such as is shown in Fie. 6' taper counterbore with a mutilated screwwhich represents a longitudinal "section: of thread h', bywlnch'it can be tightly screwed said plug and the surrounding parts of the m5 up in place, but which provides for Iits easy block. The said plug is bored to receive the e reinovahand the breeeh-block -is represented forward end of the rinfr-pin, which passes `as bored centrally in rear ofthe said bolt D through it to strike the pimer inthe center to receive a tiring-pin I, which enters the of the head of the cartridge-shelL said primcrcup li through the hollow bolt D. 'What I claim as my invention and desire no 'lhe face of the solid breech-blockB (shown to secure by Letters Patent, is` l 5 1n IFig. 1) and the face -of the ileso-plate E, l. The combination, with the breech-block `which is practically a part of the breechof a breech-loading gun, of one or more rrasblock s liown in Fig. 3, are each represented check disks securedto the face of said blick as having an annular forward bulge behind and having a forward bulge, behind which the bulge c of their respective gas -eheck there is a space between the said disk or disks disks; but the said bulge iis made less proniiand said face, substantially as and for the nent or full than the bulge c of the disks, in purpose herein set forth.l I order-that the Space o may be preserved bc- 2. The combination, with a breech-loadinfr tween the face of the block or nose-plate. and gun and abreech-blockitted ,thereto and ene izo.. the back of the disks. The object of this tering it from the rear, of gas-check disks se-v bulge/L on the face of the disk is to prevent. .cured to the face of said block and having the bulged parts of the disk C from being so their outer edges presentedcircumfcrentially much pressed back by the force of the exploand also having torwaidly-bulged portions sion that they would not recover themselves behind which there is a space into which said r2 5 and allow the disks to resume their normal bulged portions can he forced'back to excondition after the explosion. pand said circuniferentially-presented edres In order to guard against the cutting out or against the bore of the gumsubstantiallybas injury of the bore of the gun by the outer herein set forth. edges of the gas-check disks C, I provide in -'l."l`he combination, in a breech-loadinf' iw the rear part of the bore, where these rings gun, of a breech-blocli having a biilved taci; u are received, a hardened-steel bushing-ringj, and one or more gas-check disks sdcured to as shown .in Figs. l and 3, the gunbeing counsaid tace andhaving a forward bulge fuller terbored in front of the breech-block scatto than the belge of Sai@ face; Yhereby a ris is provided between the bnlged portions of said face and said disk or disks, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

4. The combination, with the breech-block of a breech-loading gun, of a, gascheck disk secured to the face of said block and having separste bearings against said fce near the circumference thereof and near the center thereof and having between said bezairingg's'al forward bulge,behind which there is a space xo between the said disk and the said face, substantially as herein described.

, SAMUEL SEABURYf- Witnesses:

FREDK. HAYNES, OHARLES'E. I/UNDGREN. 

